Modern air conditioning systems consist of refrigeration systems, heating systems, ventilation and air purification devices, and control systems.

1. Ventilation system: Its function is to ensure indoor ventilation when the car is running, that is, to continuously inject fresh air into the car interior, driving away dust, carbon dioxide, and harmful gases from the engine. In cold winter, fresh air should also be heated to ensure a suitable indoor temperature.

2. Heating system: Its function is to heat the air inside the car or fresh air entering the car from outside, achieving the purpose of heating and dehumidification.

3. Refrigeration system: Its function is to reduce the temperature inside the car when the external environment temperature is high, making passengers feel cool and comfortable.

4. Air purification system: Its function is to filter the introduced air, continuously expel dirty gases in the car interior, and keep the air inside the car clean.

5. Control system: The control system mainly consists of electrical components, vacuum pipelines, and control mechanisms. Its function is to control the temperature and pressure of the refrigeration and heating systems on one hand, and to control the temperature, air volume, and flow direction of the indoor air in the car on the other hand, in order to improve the various functions of the air conditioning system.

Automotive air conditioners are generally composed of compressors, electrically controlled clutches, condensers, evaporators, expansion valves, storage dryers, pipelines, condensing fans, vacuum solenoid valves, idlers, and control systems. Automotive air conditioning is divided into high-pressure and low-pressure pipelines. The high-pressure side includes the compressor output side, high-pressure pipeline, condenser, liquid storage dryer, and liquid pipeline; The low-pressure side includes the evaporator, accumulator, return line, compressor input side, and compressor oil pool.

Liquid storage dryer - actually a device that stores refrigerant and absorbs refrigerant moisture and impurities. On the one hand, it is equivalent to the fuel tank of a car, replenishing the extra space leaked with refrigerant. On the other hand, it acts like an air filter, filtering out impurities doped in the refrigerant. The storage dryer also contains a certain amount of silicone material, which plays a role in absorbing water.

Condensers and evaporators - although they are called differently, their structures are similar. They are all devices that cover a row of curved pipes with metal sheets for heat dissipation, in order to achieve heat exchange between external air and materials inside the pipes. The condensation of a condenser refers to the heat dissipation of the refrigerant in its pipeline from a gaseous state to a liquid state. Its principle is similar to the cooling water tank of the engine (the difference is only that the water in the water tank is always liquid), so it is often installed in the front of the car, together with the water tank, to enjoy the cool breeze from the front. In short, where the condenser is cooler, so that it can dissipate heat and condense. The evaporator is the opposite of the condenser, as it is the place where the refrigerant changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state (i.e. evaporates) to absorb heat.